Aws b1.10 pdf free download

Radiography, however, usually cannot detect laminations immaterial or cracks oriented parallel to the plate surface. Conversely, ultrasonic examination can detect cracks oriented in any direction provided the sound beam is oriented essentially perpendicular to the major axis of the crack.

Acceptance standards define characteristics of discontinuities. They also establish upper and lower limits that determine the acceptance or rejection of a given discontinuity in conformance with the applicable acceptance standard. Discontinuities may be acceptable providing their size and distribution are within specified limits.

Some acceptance standards are shown in Annex C. Costs of the various examination methods depend on the particular situation. Two factors that should be considered in selection of a nondestructive examination method are the cost of performing the examination and of the equipment. Fillet weld gauges measure both thermometers.

The point of the probe is placed on the convex and concave fillet welds. Some To measure a convex fillet weld, the blade represent- devices have a button that can be depressed to hold the ing the specified fillet weld size with the single curve reading, if desired. These types of instruments give a should be selected. As shown in Figure 41, the lower edge more accurate indication than either the surface ther- of the blade is placed on one of the base plates with the mometer, or temperature-indicating materials discussed tip of the blade moved to the other member.

Figure 40 illustrates the use of an electrical To measure a concave fillet weld, the blade represent- pyrometer. After placing 5. This will measure throat size for the specified weld spector to look into small holes or around corners. These size. However, if the center portion of the gauge does not units may be combined with lenses and cameras, allow- touch the weld, the weld has insufficient throat size.

Figure 46 illustrates the use of a fiberscope. There are numerous mul- tipurpose welding gauges available. A multipurpose 5. Austenitic stainless steel weld metal gauge is capable of performing many measurements, forms microcracks when it does not contain a sufficient such as measuring convex and concave fillet welds, weld amount of a magnetic phase known as delta ferrite.

The reinforcement, and root opening. The use of all the nu- amount of delta ferrite can be predicted if the chemical merous and various gauges available cannot all be de- composition of the weld metal is known. This methodol- tailed here; therefore, the instructions packed with each ogy is discussed in detail in AWS A5.

Figure 43 illustrates Stainless Steel Welding Electrodes for Shielded Metal one of these gauges being used to measure a fillet weld. Arc Welding. In addition, ferrite in production welds can be measured using one of several magnetic comparator 5. The taper gauge is inserted into devices, ferrite gauges some of which are rugged and the opening of a joint to measure root opening gap.

The highly portable. Ferrite is measured in Ferrite Numbers root opening measurement is taken from the gauge at the FN , and the gauges can be calibrated in accordance point where the gauge becomes snug in the joint as illus- with AWS A4.

Typically, a minimum of 3 FN is ment of a pipe joint. After the gauge has been inserted adequate to preclude microcracking, although the spe- and adjusted, the thumb screw is tightened, and the tool cific requirements should be provided in the contract is removed for measurement of misalignment. This is documents for the work. A ferrite gauge is shown in shown in Figure Figure These are optical in- 5.

The inspector should have adequate il- struments ideal for weld examination where there is re- lumination, either natural or artificial, while performing stricted access. A fiberscope has a flexible construction, visual examination. Some codes specify minimum light- and a borescope is rigid. These instruments allow the in- ing requirements. Other codes specify minimum footcandles fc of illumination that are required while performing visual in- spection; for example, 15 fc 16 lux for general exami- nation, and a minimum of 50 fc 54 lux for the detection of small discontinuities.

If ambient light conditions are inadequate, auxiliary lighting such as a flashlight should be used. A tong-type ammeter is a unique, porta- ble instrument that measures current flowing in a circuit without making an electrical connection to it. A reading in amperes can be obtained by placing the jaws of the tong tester around a current-carrying conductor, as shown in Figure Records As with any type of inspection, once completed, any defective area should be identified in some manner to as- sure that it will be located and repaired properly.

Many methods are available, so specific conditions may dictate which marking system would be most effective. One Figure 48—Tong Test Ammeter method commonly used is to record type, size, and loca- tion of any defects so that they can be located, identified, and repaired. Perhaps more effective, however, is the identification of the defective area by marking directly quires records.

However, whether required or not, the in- on the part. Some conditions may require utilization of spector should keep adequate records. In preparing the records, the most basic should be prepared by the inspector. The and understood at the time of writing, since they may not inspector should comment on the general workmanship, be remembered so clearly later.

Thus, good records not the problems incurred, and the resolution of unaccept- only protect the inspectors who wrote them, they also help able conditions. Any repair should be explained. Copies in adhering to a policy of uniform standards. Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. AWS, Miami, Fla. ASME, New ———. Standard , Miami, Fla. Standard for Welding of Pipelines and Related Facili- ties. API, Washington, D.

Qual- ity Criteria and Inspection Standards, 2nd Edition. Welding Code—Steel. ABS, New ———. Navy specifications. Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL 1. ABS documents are available from the American Bureau of 2. NY AWS documents are available from the American Welding 6. Navy specifications are available from the Naval Publication Society, N.

ASM International. Welding Handbook, Vol. XVII, 9th Fla. Nondestructive Examinationtion of Welds. AWS, Miami, ———. The American Society for Nondestructive Testing ———. ANSI Z Testing Handbook, Vol.

AWS, Miami, ing, OH Introduction C2. Each inquiry must address one single pro- vision of the Standard, unless the point of the inquiry The AWS Board of Directors has adopted a policy involves two or more interrelated provisions.

That provi- whereby all official interpretations of AWS standards sion must be identified in the Scope of the inquiry, along will be handled in a formal manner. Under that policy, all with the edition of the standard that contains the provi- interpretations are made by the committee that is respon- sions or that the Inquirer is addressing.

Official communication concern- ing an interpretation is through the AWS staff member C2. The purpose of the inquiry who works with that committee. The policy requires that must be stated in this portion of the inquiry. The purpose all requests for an interpretation be submitted in writing. The inquiry should be require considerable time. Sketches should be used when appropriate and all paragraphs, fig- ures, and tables or the Annex , which bear on the in- C2.

Procedure quiry must be cited. If the point of the inquiry is to obtain a revision of the Standard, the inquiry must provide tech- All inquiries must be directed to: nical justification for that revision. Start Free Trial Cancel anytime. AWS B1. Abstract This guide acquaints the user with the nondestructive examination methods commonly used to examine weldments.

The standard also addresses which method best detects various types of discontinuities. The methods included are visual, liquid penetrant, magnetic particle, radiographic, ultrasonic, electromagnetic eddy current , and leak testing.

Table of Contents Page No. Normative References. Covers welding. Specification for the Qualification of Welding Inspectors Defines qualification requirements for welding inspectors.

Tables of contents and sample pages are available for your review with no obligation! The code part B, that I thought would be the difficult one, was easy for me. I had enough time to go back and review all 62 questions again during to 2 hours and change some I overlooked info on.

Some question have a tiny bit of info that changes the answer to something different that you assume is the obvious. This isn't a test you don't have to prepare for. You will be asked questions outside of your inspection experience and need to really have info ready from memory. You will not have enough time to look up many questions on the fundamentals part.

So, know the BOK. These are what really ate up my part A time. You need to know how to find info in B4. I was the guy that took all the books with him in a suitcase filled complete, but only used the specs and the Welding Handbook VOL 1. I recommend this This SCWI info is few and far between.

Don't be discouraged at negitive posts or this one for that matter. If I can do it you can as well. Just prepare, tab and study! Thank again to all that took the time to help me through this. The info was great and needed. A big weight off and time to celebrate. That is a major accomplishment.

Great Job! By Joey Date Al, to have a SCWI is not all the time nice especially for contractual employee like me Prospective employers thought that SCWI rate is too expensive and overkill for the job. Having CWI is adequate based on my experience as freelancer. In the past, before the SCWI credential was available, CWIs were expected to perform tasks for which they had little if any competence. They were expected to perform guided bend tests on metals other than carbon and low alloy steels.

They are ill prepared to do so. They were expected to perform audits with no training or demonstrated proficiency in quality control programs. The SCWI sought to rectify those deficiencies. That doesn't mean that with additional training and experience the CWI can't perform those tasks, it simply means they have not taken the requisite examinations to require them to demonstrate the knowledge to perform those tasks.

Detail Summary View all details. Price USD. Secure PDF. Add to Cart. The nondestructive examination methods described are: 1 Visual 2 Penetrant 3 Magnetic Particle 4 Radiographic 5 Ultrasonic 6 Electromagnetic 7 Leak The types of discontinuities detected with each method are disclosed and their causes discussed.

Acceptance criteria are not addressed in this standard. Such requirements may be in the application code. Requirements for nondestructive examination and acceptance criteria not provided in the application should be the specified in procurement documents prior the award of contracts. Nondestructive examination NDE is a general term used in this text to identify the common inspection methods for evaluation of welds and related materials without destroying their usefulness.